Funcionamento neuropsicológico de uma criança com leucemia linfoblástica aguda em quimioterapia e após a pandemia
Leucemia, cognição, covid-19
Palabras clave:
leucemia-linfoma linfoblástico de células t precursoras, quimioterapia, aprendizagem, neurocognição, pandemiaResumen
Crianças com câncer infantil correm um alto risco de uma ampla gama de dificuldades cognitivas. Portanto, são necessárias intervenções direcionadas a essas dificuldades. Os tratamentos anticancerígenos como quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia apresentam alto risco de efeitos tardios de déficits neurocognitivos. O presente estudo apresenta o caso de uma criança, de 8 anos, do sexo feminino, cursando ensino fundamental I, diagnosticada com leucemia linfoblástia aguda -LLA aos 8 anos, em tratamento quimioterápico durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foram avaliados linguagem pragmática, memória episódica verbal e visual, funções executivas, atenção concentrada, habilidade de escrita e comportamento. Os resultados da avaliação neuropsicológica sugeriram déficit nas tarefas de funções executivas de acesso lexical (fluência livre, fonêmica e semântica), com prejuízos significativos também em flexibilidade cognitiva, memória de trabalho e atenção concentrada. Os déficits apresentados estão bem atrelados à literatura existente sobre o desfecho neuropsicológico de crianças com LLA na infância. Contudo, estes achados podem também estar atrelados às consequências da pandemia na cognição das crianças. Nesse sentido, este estudo visa contribuir com o conhecimento brasileiro e internacional, cujo contexto ainda é carente de relatos dos desfechos neuropsicológicos de crianças com LLA em tratamento, e após pandemia, que recebem assistência do atendimento pedagógico em ambiente hospitalar pela rede pública de ensino e saúde. A vista disso, elucidar a importância nacional de que este público clinicamente delicado tenha acesso ao exame neuropsicológico, a fim de delinear possíveis déficits e potencialidades.
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