Alteraciones en las funciones ejecutivas en consumidores de metanfetamina: revisión sistemática
FUNCIONES EJECUTIVAS EN CONSUMIDORES DE METANFETAMINA
Palavras-chave:
cognición, funciones ejecutivas, intervención , metanfetaminaResumo
O abuso no consumo de substâncias é um problema de saúde pública que gera consequências nos âmbitos individual, familiar e social. Exemplos disso são os atos de violência, acidentes, lesões, doenças crônicas, transtornos do humor, ansiedade e psicoses, que podem levar a pessoa a apresentar alterações neuropsicológicas. Observa-se um aumento na fabricação e expansão das drogas sintéticas, como a metanfetamina, bem como limitações nos tratamentos e nas estratégias de prevenção. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre as alterações das funções executivas em consumidores de metanfetamina utilizando o método Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A busca foi realizada em revistas indexadas em inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados EBSCO, PUBMED e DIALNET, com os seguintes termos de pesquisa: [methamphetamine OR meth OR crystal] AND [executive OR executive dysfunction OR executive functioning] NOT [animals]. Com base nos critérios de busca mencionados, foram localizadas 173 publicações sobre o uso de metanfetamina e alterações nas funções executivas, mas apenas 76 foram selecionadas, agrupadas em cinco categorias: a) Estudos realizados com consumidores e grupo controle, b) Estudos funcionais ou anatômicos em consumidores de metanfetamina, c) Estudos de tratamentos para alterações cognitivas em consumidores de metanfetamina, d) Estudos com participantes com psicose e abuso de metanfetamina e e) Alterações em população com Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e consumo de metanfetamina.
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